The Eureka Miner: Gold $1,788.8 This Week, on the Trail to $1,800+; Copper Frisky $2.33

Old Timer on Lone Mountain

Eureka, Nevada

Friday, April 24, 2020 AM

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"I cannot overstate the potential harm the coronavirus can do to the world economy." (Eureka Miner, January 31, 2020)

"WARNING: Too quiet on the copper front? Red metal at currency-like volatility!" @Eurekaminer March 4, 2020 [Comex copper fell into Bear Country March 13, 2020]

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Follow the ole Colonel on twitter @Eurekaminer

Next Week Target Gold Price: $1,780 per ounce, Target Silver Price: $15.87 per ounce

My latest Kitco News commentary: Copper, gold & the coronavirus (2/18/2020) [summary of recent commentaries given at the bottom of the blog]

An easy-to-understand overview on gold (32 slides, read explanation below each slide): History of gold and which countries have the most

Eureka County, NV Coronavirus Hub

Morning Miners!

Markets continue to be driven by the pace of the covid-19 pandemic but there are some encouraging signs. First the bad news - the U.S. is on pace to have more virus-related deaths in 5 months than the loss of U.S. soldiers in the 8-year Vietnam War. The latest models now predict the covid-19 total to be over 67,000 versus Vietnam's loss of 58,220 lives.

The good news for Nevada is that we are flattening the curve at a faster rate. One week ago deaths were doubling every 10 days; now that rate is every 15 days. Both numbers are better than the national statistics and Northern Nevada is faring far better than its southern neighbors. The models indicate deaths-per-day for the Silver State should go to zero May 11th, much sooner than the July 2nd U.S. projection.

A more complete covid-19 summary is included below. The ole Colonel has also updated the overview of the 1918-1919 Influenza impact on Eureka County.

Comex gold hit a peak of $1,788.8 per ounce yesterday. It has retreated since presently trading at $1,733.3 per ounce (10:08 AM Eureka Time).

Copper continues to be frisky with a rally of higher-lows that started March 19. Comex July copper is presently $2.3330 per pound. Things are slowly improving although we had a scare Tuesday when copper prices dropped with plummeting oil (see Mining.com column below).

Here's how I explained my gold and silver outlook to the Kitco News Weekly Gold Survey this morning:

In a week where the West Texas Intermediate crude front month contract went negative and unemployment claims climbed to 4.35 million in 5 weeks, gold finds plenty of market uncertainty to resume its rally to $1,800 per ounce and perhaps higher in the coming months. This condition is likely to persist until an effective vaccine is produced to battle covid-19.

Weekly gains for the yellow metal were broad; relative value surged compared to equities and key commodities [see weekly Summary Charts below] For example, Comex gold led both the S&P 500 and copper by nearly 5%. Bullishly, The interest rate picture remains favorable for gold with 10-year real rates and the benchmark German Bund remaining depressed a negative 50 basis points.*

Gold's strength has been all the more impressive against a resiliently strong dollar. The U.S. dollar Index is still above 100 but will eventually encounter the headwinds of expanding monetary stimulus.** Eventual dollar weakness will support higher gold prices.

As a next step higher, it is likely Comex gold will test the $1,780-level again next week with silver following to $15.87 per ounce.

These are the strange times of coronavirus.

* 10-year U.S. real rate -.47%; 10-year bonds: German Bund -0.46%, France +0.04% and Japan -0.03%

** U.S. Dollar Index (DXY) = 100.36

COVID-19 Update

There is a dandy website created for Eureka County to track and report on the covid-19 pandemic:

Eureka County, NV Coronavirus Hub

Here are the grim covid-19 statistics reported this morning:

U.S.A. 888,881 covid-19 cases; 50,369 deaths

Nevada 4,208 covid-19 cases; 189 deaths

Source: John Hopkins University & Medicine Coronavirus Resource Center

The good news is that the curves are flattening [Weekly rates 4/17 to 4/24, calculated by the ole Colonel]:

U.S. covid-19 deaths double every 13.7 days (last week 7.14 days)

Nevada covid-19 deaths double every 15.0 days (last week 9.73 days)

For weekly death rates, the bigger the number the better. Higher numbers mean more days before doubling!

To date Eureka County has tested 11 folks with zero positives.

If you want to track the charts and projections that Dr. Anthony Fauci and Dr. Deborah Birx reference, check out this site (included in the Eureka website also):

COVID-19 Projections

Click on the "United States of America" tab to find individual states. The "deaths-per-day" chart projections give the best time duration estimate because death is a lagging indicator (please bear with me, I know this is a grim subject):

U.S.A. - peak deaths-per-day April 15th; deaths-per-day go to zero July 2nd

Nevada - peak deaths-per-day April 7th; deaths-per-day go to zero May 11th (improved from last week!)

This is only a model prediction - it can change and adapt as we learn more each day.

Remember each region has its own curve and numbers can vary widely state-to-state, county-to-county. Social distancing is our only weapon to change the curve's shape - the above numbers assume we do everything right from now forward.

Stay safe and distant my friends.

Copper, Oil & China Updates

Copper recovered this week after a scare Tuesday with plummeting oil prices. Mining.com column on the red metal:

Copper price plunges (Mining.com, 4/21/2010)

The Saudi-Russia oil price war in combination with covid-19 has had a devastating impact on the oil markets. This morning Nymex WTI is trading at $17.57 per barrel. The front month NYMEX futures contract plumbed a historic low of -$37.63 per barrel on Monday, 4/20/2020.

China, which still represents copper's highest demand, is on the mend. Here is my China Indicator updated through this morning (see above 2/18/2020 Kitco column). A low number is good. A bottom of 0.3011 occurred after the signing of the Phase I deal seemed certain (Friday, 1/10/2020). This AM the indicator sits at 1.0503 below the coronavirus peak of 1.8399 set February 11th but above the 5-year average (0.79). The covid-19 pandemic is stabilizing in China, but let's keep an eye for any moves higher (click on chart for larger size)

China 2-rho Divergence Indicator

I've been actively tweeting market news/events during the week so please follow me at @Eurekaminer. I usually tweet Sunday night on the Monday Shanghai Futures Exchange (SHFE) for a heads up on copper & gold prices in the Year of the Rat.

To ponder: In numerology the year 2020 reduces to the number 4 - a dreaded number in Chinese culture. And yes, it is the Year of the Rat...a double-whammy for sure.

Remember, you can register with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) for updates by e-mail. Look at the situation summary tab on their website for updated U.S. infections and deaths.

1918 Influenza in Eureka County (Update)

I've been searching old newspapers (newspapers.com) to see how Eureka County was affected by the 1918-1919 Spanish Influenza Pandemic. With 500 million cases worldwide and an estimated death toll exceeding the military fatalities of WWI and WWII, Eureka County also suffered fatalities from this deadly virus. Influenza was first detected in the U.S.A. in January 1918 but didn't make it to Northern Nevada until October of that year.

Typical newspaper column of the day reporting

1918 Influenza in Northern Nevada

There were cases reported in surrounding counties of Lander, White Pine and Elko. Some nearby cities/towns cited with influenza were Reno, Carson City, Winnemucca, Silver City, Elko, Pioche and Tonopah. So far, I haven't found any newpaper columns specifically citing Eureka County but with a little digging (using findagrave.com) discovered two confirmed deaths, one in Palisade and another in the ghost town of Mineral (Mineral Hills Cemetery, headline photo). There are four possible influenza deaths in Eureka cemeteries and one in Beowawe. That's seven total for the County, still

digging [UPDATE below puts the death count at 38 confirmed which includes 1919 and a re-occurrence in 1922].

Charles Safford Walker

(photo: findagrave.com)

Mining and Army training camps were often where trouble began. The main line east-west railroad was suspected to be a path of transmission. I've been informed by Roger Colton that his great uncle,Charles Safford Walker (1882-1918, 36 years old), died of complications after the flu. Mr. Walker was then the owner of the Palisade Ranch. The death certificate listed the cause of death as “bronchial pneumonia following influenza,” October 31, 1918. The town of Palisade is located on the mainline in the north County suggesting that trains may have indeed been an enabler for virus spread in rural communities.

Roy Plummer Gravesite

(photo: Robert Frenchu)

A second confirmed death is Roy Plummer (Nov. 21,1896 to Dec. 23, 1918, 22 years old) buried in the Mineral Hills Cemetery. Here is his death certificate:

Death Certificate for Roy Plummer

Here is a recent news column from the Carson City Nevada News:

Echoes of the past: Exploring the 1918 influenza epidemic in Nevada (Carson City Nevada News - Carson Now, April 19, 2020)

UPDATE April 18, 2020: After posting the above, Rhonda Shandler Gardner reached out to me and provided some excellent research she compiled on the very same subject. Rhonda worked from recorded death certificates to identify 19 influenza deaths in Eureka County in 1918, 10 in 1919 and 9 in 1922. This is a total of 38 confirmed and there are other "possibles" declared simply as pneumonia on the death certificate. The 1922 record indicates the re-occurrence of Spanish Influenza in Eureka County. The 1918 deaths include four I found (above) and eliminated some others.

Here is a link to her detailed and informative research:

WW1 AND THE INFLUENZA EPIDEMIC 1918-1919 (Rhonda Gardner)

Interestingly, a lot of these cases occurred in sheep camps and ranches in Antelope Valley and Bean Flat. Here is a death certificate for Alfred Pedlar of Bean Flat from Rhonda's research (35 years old, died November 23, 1918):

Death Certificate for Alfred Pedlar

Weekly Summary

Here is a weekly summary chart of gold and my 16 favorite market variables. They are grouped in categories "Commodities", "Interest Rates", "Indexes" and "Currencies" of 4 variables each. Over time, each variable has played some part in the gold story. It is prudent to monitor all 16 to understand the key price drivers that are currently active for the yellow metal. Importantly, this is not a unique collection of variables but one that works well for the ole Colonel

Because The Eureka Miner is a morning report, Friday AM prices are compared with the closing prices of the previous week (click on charts for larger size):

This weekly chart of comparative value tracks the value of gold relative to key currencies, commodities and indexes :

Silver Watch

Comex silver is above $15 per ounce (see Weekly Summaries above).

Please check this out if you get the silver bug:

How to Invest in Silver (Debbie Carlson, U.S. News & World Report, August 1, 2019)

How to smartly buy gold and silver:

How to Mine Physical Precious Metals for an IRA (Debbie Carlson, Barrons, Sept. 8, 2019)

The gold-to-silver ratio (GSR) set a new high Wednesday, 3/18, of 123.9 ounce per ounce solidly above July 11 high of 91.3 - a trend down from this top is bullish for silver if the Lustrous One continues its rally.

At 112.1 silver is historically very, very cheap relative to gold!

The 10-year average GSR is much lower at 68.6 ounce per ounce.

The 3-month beta with gold is currently a dismal 0.36 (i.e. on average, the daily % rise or fall of silver price is beta times the % change in gold price). You prefer a high beta (i.e. greater than 1.00) when gold rallies higher (click on image for larger size).

Gold-to-Silver Ratio

Historical note:

In the past, when gold and silver were legal tender (see gold overview link below headline photo), it was important to set a value relationship between them. In 1792, the U.S. fixed its price at 15:1. This means that 1 troy ounce of gold was worth 15 troy ounces of silver. Over the years, as this ratio has changed, precious metal investors have used it as a signal of when to buy.

Stay tuned.

Inflation Watch

Inflation expectations made a high of 2.18% April 23, 2018. They have tracked steadily down from there with a dive to the 0.5%-level before reversing higher, yesterday's number is 1.05%. Expectations have been rising at a faster pace than 10-year U.S. Treasury yields resulting in negative real rates again (see Weekly Summary Charts) - a bullish signal for a non-interest earning asset like gold.

10-year Inflation Expectations

Many believe, including the ole Colonel, that gold price is more sensitive to inflation expectations than other measure of inflation. My January Kitco News commentary explains the importance of tracking "real rates" which are a function of inflation expectations:

Gold Versus Real Rates: $1,380+ by May Day 2019 (Kitco News, 1/2/2019)

Old Glory

Eureka, Nevada

Chart to Monitor

Here's a chart to monitor for 2020 (Click on the image for a larger size):

Gold-to-S&P 500 Ratio

An important gold ratio is gold-to-S&P500 or AUSP. The ratio bottomed in early-December of 2015 and reversed to a bullish trend, peaking February 11, 2016 (0.6849). It bottomed December 20, 2016 (0.4973) trended higher but then bearishly reversed into a downward channel bottoming again October 1, 2018 (0.4063). Currently this AM the AUSP is at 0.6276 below the recent high of 0.7029 set March 23, 2020. Importantly, the ratio has aggressively left the downward trending channel with an uptrend trend of higher-lows starting with the October 2018 low. This week the ratio continues to put lots and lots of daylight above that trend - bullish gold!

Six Things to Watch in 2020

The ole Colonel's beer bet (won on an intraday basis Tuesday, January 7th!). I have since revised it [parenthesis]:

Gold will break [on a closing basis] $1,600 per ounce before the 4th of July 2020

We'll keep the bet alive by looking at closing instead of intraday prices - what a sport! [won on a closing basis February 18th]

My top six things to watch for 2020:

Copper prices - I'd like to see copper prices push us above $6,500 per tonne ($2.95 per pound). A fall below the $6,000-level ($2.72) would be a bad sign - for example, U.S./China trade Phase I in trouble or escalating geo-political unrest. [Update: Covid-19 has pushed copper below $6,000 per tonne].
Chinese yuan - strengthening below 7 USDCNY is a good sign that their economy and trade are on an improving track (Weekly Summary). Sustained weakening above the 7-level is a red flag. [Chinese yuan is above 7 USDCNY again]
U.S. dollar - will it remain strong or begin a period of decline? Foreign demand for Treasury debt has kept the dollar strong but rising U.S. deficits and countries trying to move away from dollar dependence (e.g., China, Russia) are countervailing forces not to be ignored. The U.S. Dollar Index (DXY) made its high September 30 this year and has been in a downtrend of lower-lows since (99.38 September high). This reports tracks the Invesco DB US Dollar Index Bullish Fund (UUP) (27.01 September high, see Weekly Summary below for latest price). Finally, overseas interest in Treasurys has been fueled by negative interest rates abroad. This report monitors the German 10-year bund (Weekly Summary) as a benchmark for foreign Treasury demand. [Update: Covid-19 has caused liquidations as market participants rush to the U.S. dollar for safety. This has surged the U.S. Dollar Index]
Interest Rates - there is an almost uncanny relationship between the yield on the benchmark U.S. 10-year Treasury and the copper-to-gold ratio (CGR, Weekly Summary). I've written about this extensively since 2017 ( see The Colonel's Latest Kitco News Commentaries below). Bottom line, a rising CGR signals higher interest rates for 2020. [Update: Covid-19 appears to have reversed the trend higher, 10-year Treasury is near record lows].
Real rates - The 10-year inflation adjusted Treasury yield, or real rate, is the difference between the nominal yield and inflation expectations (aka 10-year "break-even" rate). Since gold is a non-interest bearing assets it performs best when real rates are near zero or negative. This report tracks real rates (Weekly Summary) and inflation expectations (Inflation Watch). Since gold is often considered an inflation hedge it is prudent to track both. In 2020, inflation may pick up (gold bullish) but if interest rates rise faster, an increasing real rate dampens interest in in the yellow metal (gold bearish).
Gold-to-S&P 500 ratio (AUSP) - Gold's relationship with equities is key to monitor. Gold lost value to the S&P 500 from Donald Trump's election until October of 2018. Since then it has regained value in a trend of higher-lows (see Chart to Watch). We entered 2020 with that trend higher challenged. Falling below trend would be a very bearish sign for gold. [Update: Covid-19 has put the AUSP solidly above trend].